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FEATURES Series Reference (2.5 V, 3 V, 4.096 V, 5 V) Low Quiescent Current: 65 A max Current Output Capability: 5 mA Wide Supply Range: VIN = VOUT + 200 mV to 12 V Wideband Noise (10 Hz-10 kHz): 50 V rms Specified Temperature Range: -40 C to +85 C Compact, Surface-Mount, SOT-23 Package AD158x Products 3 Electrical Grades
2.5 V to 5.0 V Micropower, Precision Series Mode Voltage References AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM 3-Lead SOT-23 (RT Suffix)
VOUT 1
AD1582/ AD1583/ AD1584/ AD1585
TOP VIEW
3 VIN
GND 2
Electrical Grade B C A AD1582 0.08% 0.16% 0.80%
Initial Accuracy AD1583/AD1585 0.10% 0.20% 1.00% AD1584 0.10% 0.20% 0.98%
Tempco ppm/ C
TARGET APPLICATIONS
50 50 100
1. Portable, Battery-Powered Equipment. Notebook Computers, Cellular Phones, Pagers, PDAs, GPSs, and DMMs. 2. Computer Workstations. Suitable for use with a wide range of video RAMDACs. 3. Smart Industrial Transmitters. 4. PCMCIA Cards. 5. Automotive. 6. Hard Disk Drives. 7. 3 V/5 V 8-Bit/12-Bit Data Converters.
900 800 700 600
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The AD1582, AD1583, AD1584, and AD1585 are a family of low cost, low power, low dropout, precision bandgap references. These designs are available as three-terminal (series) devices and are packaged in the compact SOT-23, 3-lead, surface-mount package. The versatility of these references makes them ideal for use in battery powered 3 V or 5 V systems where there may be wide variations in supply voltage and a need to minimize power dissipation. The superior accuracy and temperature stability of the AD1582/ AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 is made possible by the precise matching and thermal tracking of on-chip components. Patented temperature drift curvature correction design techniques have been used to minimize the nonlinearities in the voltage output temperature characteristic. These series mode devices (AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585) will source or sink up to 5 mA of load current and operate efficiently with only 200 mV of required headroom supply. This family will draw a maximum 65 A of quiescent current with only a 1.0 A/V variation with supply voltage. The advantage of these designs over conventional shunt devices is extraordinary. Valuable supply current is no longer wasted through an input series resistor and maximum power efficiency is achieved at all input voltage levels. The AD1582, AD1583, AD1584, and AD1585 are available in three grades, A, B, and C, which are provided in a tiny footprint, the SOT-23. All grades are specified over the industrial temperature range of -40C to +85C.
ISUPPLY - A
SHUNT REFERENCE*
500 400 300 200 100 0 2.7 AD1582 SERIES REFERENCE
VSUPPLY - V
5 SOURCE RESISTOR
*3.076k
Figure 1. Supply Current (A) vs. Supply Voltage (V)
REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A. Tel: 781/329-4700 World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com Fax: 781/326-8703 (c) Analog Devices, Inc., 2001
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
AD1582-SPECIFICATIONS (@ T = T
A
MIN-TMAX,
VIN = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.)
Min AD1582B Typ Max Min AD1582C Typ Max Unit
Model Min OUTPUT VOLTAGE (@ 25C) VO INITIAL ACCURACY ERROR VOERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (TCV O) -40C < TA < +85C 0C < TA < +70C MINIMUM SUPPLY HEADROOM (VIN-VOUT) LOAD REGULATION 0 mA < IOUT < 5 mA -5 mA < IOUT < 0 mA -0.1 mA < IOUT < +0.1 mA LINE REGULATION VOUT +200 mV < VIN < 12 V IOUT = 0 mA RIPPLE REJECTION (VOUT/VIN) VIN = 5 V 100 mV (f = 120 Hz) QUIESCENT CURRENT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT TO GROUND NOISE VOLTAGE (@ 25C) 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 10 Hz to 10 kHz TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1%, CL = 0.2 F LONG-TERM STABILITY 1000 Hours @ 25C OUTPUT VOLTAGE HYSTERESIS TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance (A, B, C) Operating Performance (A, B, C)
Specifications subject to change without notice.
AD1582A Typ Max
2.480 2.500 2.520 2.498 2.500 2.502 2.496 2.500 2.504 V -20 -0.80 +20 -2 +0.80 -0.08 100 40 35 200 0.2 0.25 2.7 100 200 0.2 0.25 2.7 18 15 +2 -4 +0.08 -0.16 50 50 200 0.2 0.25 2.7 18 15 +4 mV +0.16 % 50 50 ppm/C ppm/C ppm/C mV mV/mA mV/mA mV/mA
25 80 65 15 70 50 100 70 50 80
25 80 65 15 70 50 100
25
V/V dB
65 15
A mA V p-p V rms
100
s
100 115 -40 -55 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125
ppm/1000 hrs. ppm C C
-2-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
AD1583-SPECIFICATIONS (@ T = T
A
MIN-TMAX,
VIN = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.)
Min AD1583B Typ Max Min AD1583C Typ Max Unit
Model Min OUTPUT VOLTAGE (@ 25C) VO INITIAL ACCURACY ERROR VOERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (TCV O) -40C < TA < +85C 0C < TA < +70C MINIMUM SUPPLY HEADROOM (VIN -VOUT) LOAD REGULATION 0 mA < IOUT < 5 mA -5 mA < IOUT < 0 mA -0.1 mA < IOUT < +0.1 mA LINE REGULATION VOUT +200 mV < VIN < 12 V IOUT = 0 mA RIPPLE REJECTION (VOUT/VIN) VIN = 5 V 100 mV (f = 120 Hz) QUIESCENT CURRENT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT TO GROUND NOISE VOLTAGE (@ 25C) 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 10 Hz to 10 kHz TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1% CL = 0.2 F LONG-TERM STABILITY 1000 Hours @ 25C OUTPUT VOLTAGE HYSTERESIS TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance (A, B, C) Operating Performance (A, B, C)
Specifications subject to change without notice.
AD1583A Typ Max
2.970 3.000 -30 -1.0
3.030 2.997 3.000 3.003 2.994 3.000 3.006 V +30 +1.0 100 -3 -0.1 +3 +0.1 50 18 15 200 0.25 0.40 2.9 0.25 0.40 2.9 50 200 0.25 0.40 2.9 18 15 -6 -0.20 +6 mV +0.20 % 50 50 ppm/C ppm/C ppm/C mV mV/mA mV/mA mV/mA
40 35 200
100
25 80 65 15 85 60 120 85 60 80
25 80 65 15 85 60 120
25
V/V dB
65 15
A mA V p-p V rms
120
s
100 115 -40 -55 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125
ppm/1000 hrs. ppm C C
REV. B
-3-
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
AD1584-SPECIFICATIONS (@ T = T
A
MIN-TMAX,
VIN = 5 V, unless otherwise noted.)
Min AD1584B Typ Max Min AD1584C Typ Max Unit
Model Min OUTPUT VOLTAGE (@ 25C) VO INITIAL ACCURACY ERROR VOERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT 1 TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (TCV O) -40C < TA < +85C 0C < TA < +70C MINIMUM SUPPLY HEADROOM (VIN -VOUT) LOAD REGULATION 0 mA < IOUT < 5 mA -5 mA < IOUT < 0 mA -0.1 mA < IOUT < +0.1 mA LINE REGULATION VOUT +200 mV < VIN < 12 V IOUT = 0 mA RIPPLE REJECTION (VOUT/VIN) VIN = 5 V 100 mV (f = 120 Hz)2 QUIESCENT CURRENT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT TO GROUND NOISE VOLTAGE (@ 25C) 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 10 Hz to 10 kHz TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1% CL = 0.2 F LONG-TERM STABILITY 1000 Hours @ 25C OUTPUT VOLTAGE HYSTERESIS TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance (A, B, C) Operating Performance (A, B, C)
Specifications subject to change without notice.
AD1584A Typ Max
4.056 4.096 -40 -0.98
4.136 4.092 4.096 4.100 4.088 4.096 4.104 V +40 -4 +0.98 -0.1 100 +4 +0.1 50 18 15 200 0.32 0.40 3.2 0.32 0.40 3.2 50 200 0.32 0.40 3.2 18 15 -8 -0.2 +8 +0.2 50 50 mV % ppm/C ppm/C ppm/C mV mV/mA mV/mA mV/mA
40 35 200
100
25 80 65 15 110 90 140 110 90 80
25 80 65 15 110 90 140
25
V/V dB
65 15
A mA V p-p V rms
140
s
100 115 -40 -55 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125
ppm/1000 hrs. ppm C C
-4-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
AD1585-SPECIFICATIONS
Model OUTPUT VOLTAGE (@ 25C) VO INITIAL ACCURACY ERROR VOERR OUTPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE DRIFT TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (TCV O) -40C < TA < +85C 0C < TA < +70C MINIMUM SUPPLY HEADROOM (VIN-VOUT) LOAD REGULATION 0 mA < IOUT < 5 mA -5 mA < IOUT < 0 mA -0.1 mA < IOUT < +0.1 mA LINE REGULATION VOUT +200 mV < VIN < 12 V IOUT = 0 mA RIPPLE REJECTION (VOUT/VIN) VIN = 6 V 100 mV (f = 120 Hz) QUIESCENT CURRENT SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT TO GROUND NOISE VOLTAGE (@ 25C) 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz 10 Hz to 10 kHz TURN-ON SETTLING TIME TO 0.1% CL = 0.2 F LONG-TERM STABILITY 1000 Hours @ 25C OUTPUT VOLTAGE HYSTERESIS TEMPERATURE RANGE Specified Performance (A, B, C) Operating Performance (A, B, C)
Specifications subject to change without notice.
(@ TA = TMIN-TMAX, VIN = 6 V, unless otherwise noted)
AD1585A Typ Max Min AD1585B Typ Max Min AD1585C Typ Max Unit
Min
4.950 5.000 -50 -1.0
5.050 4.995 5.000 5.005 4.990 5.000 5.010 V +50 +1.0 100 -5 -0.10 +5 -10 +0.10 -0.20 50 18 15 200 0.40 0.40 4 0.40 0.40 4 50 200 0.40 0.40 4 18 15 +10 mV +0.20 % 50 50 ppm/C ppm/C ppm/C mV mV/mA mV/mA mV/mA
40 35 200
100
25 80 65 15 140 100 175 140 100 80
25 80 65 15 140 100 175
25
V/V dB
65 15
A mA V p-p V rms
175
s
100 115 -40 -55 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125 -40 -55
100 115 +85 +125
ppm/1000 hrs. ppm C C
REV. B
-5-
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1 PACKAGE BRANDING INFORMATION
VIN to Ground . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 V Internal Power Dissipation2 SOT-23 (RT) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 mW Storage Temperature Range . . . . . . . . . . . . -65C to +125C Specified Temperature Range AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585RT . . -40C to +85C Lead Temperature, Soldering Vapor Phase (60 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215C Infrared (15 sec) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220C
NOTES 1 Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. 2 Specification is for device in free air at 25C: SOT-23 Package: JA = 300C/W.
Four marking fields identify the device generic, grade and date of processing. The first field is the product identifier. A "2/3/4/5" identifies the generic as the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585. The second field indicates the device grade; "A," "B," and "C." In the third field a numeral or letter indicates the calendar year; "7" for 1997. . . , "A" for 2001. . . The fourth field uses letters A-Z to represent a two week window within the calendar year, starting with "A" for the first two weeks of January.
CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 feature proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high-energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality.
WARNING!
ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
ORDERING GUIDE
Model AD1582ART-Reel AD1582ART-Reel7 AD1582BRT-Reel AD1582BRT-Reel7 AD1582CRT-Reel AD1582CRT-Reel7 AD1583ART-Reel AD1583ART-Reel7 AD1583BRT-Reel AD1583BRT-Reel7 AD1583CRT-Reel AD1583CRT-Reel7 AD1584ART-Reel AD1584ART-Reel7 AD1584BRT-Reel AD1584BRT-Reel7 AD1584CRT-Reel AD1584CRT-Reel7 AD1585ART-Reel AD1585ART-Reel7 AD1585BRT-Reel AD1585BRT-Reel7 AD1585CRT-Reel AD1585CRT-Reel7
Output Voltage 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 2.50 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 3.00 4.096 4.096 4.096 4.096 4.096 4.096 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
Accuracy mV 20 20 2 2 4 4 30 30 3 3 6 6 40 40 4 4 8 8 50 50 5 5 10 10
Initial Accuracy % 0.80% 0.80% 0.08% 0.08% 0.16% 0.16% 1.00% 1.00% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% 0.20% 0.98% 0.98% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% 0.20% 1.00% 1.00% 0.10% 0.10% 0.20% 0.20%
Initial Temperature Coefficient 100 100 50 50 50 50 100 100 50 50 50 50 100 100 50 50 50 50 100 100 50 50 50 50
Package Description SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23 SOT-23
Package Option RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3 RT-3
Top Mark 2A0A 2A0A 2B0A 2B0A 2C0A 2C0A 3A0A 3A0A 3B0A 3B0A 3C0A 3C0A 4A0A 4A0A 4B0A 4B0A 4C0A 4C0A 5A0A 5A0A 5B0A 5B0A 5C0A 5C0A
Number of Parts per Reel 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000 10,000 3,000
-6-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
PARAMETER DEFINITION Temperature Coefficient (TCV O) Thermal Hysteresis (VO_HYS)
The change of output voltage over the operating temperature change and normalized by the output voltage at 25 C, expressed in ppm/ C. The equation follows:
TCVO ppm / C ] =
Where: VO(25 C) = VO at 25 C.
[
VO (25C ) x (T2 - T1 )
VO (T2 ) - VO (T1 )
The change of output voltage after the device is cycled through temperature from +25 C to -40 C to +85C and back to +25 C. This is a typical value from a sample of parts put through such a cycle.
x 106
Where:
VO _ HYS = VO 25o C - VO _ TC VO _ HYS
O
() V (25C ) - V [ ppm] = V (25C )
O
O _ TC
x 106
VO(T1) = VO at temperature1. VO(T2) = VO at temperature2.
Line Regulation (VO /VIN)
VO(25 C) = VO at 25 C. VO_TC = VO at 25 C after temperature cycle at +25 C to -40 C to +85 C and back to +25 C.
Operating Temperature
The change in output voltage due to a specified change in input voltage. It includes the effects of self-heating. Line regulation is expressed in either percent per volt, parts-per-million per volt, or microvolts per volt change in input voltage.
Load Regulation (VO /ILOAD)
This is defined as the temperature extremes at which the device will still function. Parts may deviate from their specified performance outside the specified temperature range.
The change in output voltage due to a specified change in load current. It includes the effects of self-heating. Load Regulation is expressed in either microvolts per milliampere, parts-per-million per milliampere, or of dc output resistance.
Long Term Stability (VO)
Typical shift of output voltage at 25 C on a sample of parts subjected to operation life test of 1000 hours at 125 C:
VO = VO (t0 ) - VO (t1 ) VO ppm =
Where:
[
]
VO (t0 ) - VO (t1 ) VO (t0 )
x 106
VO(t0) = VO at 25 C at time 0. VO(t1) = VO at 25 C after 1000 hours operation at 125 C.
REV. B
-7-
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585-Typical Performance Characteristics
22 20 18 16
# OF PARTS
0.40 0.35 0.30 1585 0.25
14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 ppm/ C 10 20 30 40 50
mV/mA
0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0
1582
0
2
4
6 VIN - Volts
8
10
12
TPC 1. Typical Output Voltage Temperature Drift Distribution
TPC 4. Load Regulation vs. VIN
50 45 40 35 # OF PARTS 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -100% -0.60% -0.20% 0.20% VOUT - ERROR 0.60% 1.00%
0 -10 -20 -30
V/V
-40 -50 -60 1585 -70 -80 -90 -5 1582
-4
-3
-2
-1
0 1 IOUT - mA
2
3
4
5
TPC 2. Typical Output Voltage Error Distribution
TPC 5. Line Regulation vs. ILOAD
2.510 2.508 2.506 2.504
1E+04
IOUT = 1mA
nV/ Hz
VOUT
2.502 2.500 2.498 2.496 2.494 2.492 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TEMPERATURE - C 80 100 120
1E+03
IOUT = 0
1E+02 1E+01
1E+02
1E+03 FREQUENCY - Hz
1E+04
1E+05
TPC 3. Typical Temperature Drift Characteristic Curves
TPC 6. Noise Spectral Density
-8-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
THEORY OF OPERATION
The AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family uses the "bandgap" concept to produce stable, low temperature coefficient voltage references suitable for high accuracy data acquisition components and systems. This family of precision references makes use of the underlying temperature characteristics of a silicon transistor's base-emitter voltage in the forward biased operating region. Under this condition, all such transistors have a -2 mV/C temperature coefficient (TC) and a VBE that, when extrapolated to absolute zero, 0K, (with collector current proportional to absolute temperature) approximates the silicon bandgap voltage. By summing a voltage that has an equal and opposite temperature coefficient of +2 mV/C with the VBE of a forwardbiased transistor, an almost zero TC reference can be developed. In the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 simplified circuit diagram shown in Figure 2, such a compensating voltage, V1, is derived by driving two transistors at different current densities and amplifying the resultant VBE difference (VBE--which has a positive TC). The sum (VBG) of VBE and V1 is then buffered and amplified to produce stable reference voltage outputs of 2.5 V, 3 V, 4.096 V, and 5 V.
VIN 4.7 F
3
AD1582/ AD1583/ AD1584/ AD1585
1 1F 2
+ VOUT -
Figure 3. Typical Connection Diagram
TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE
The AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family of references is designed for applications where temperature performance is important. Extensive temperature testing and characterization ensures that the device's performance is maintained over the specified temperature range. The error band guaranteed with the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/ AD1585 family is the maximum deviation from the initial value at 25C. Thus, for a given grade of the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/ AD1585, the designer can easily determine the maximum total error by summing initial accuracy and temperature variation (e.g., for the AD1582BRT, the initial tolerance is 2 mV, the temperature error band is 8 mV, thus the reference is guaranteed to be 2.5 V 10 mV from -40C to +85C). Figure 4 shows the typical output voltage drift for the AD1582 and illustrates the methodology. The box in Figure 4 is bounded on the x-axis by operating temperature extremes, and on the y-axis by the maximum and minimum output voltages observed over the operating temperature range. The slope of the diagonal drawn from the initial output value at 25C to the output values at +85C and -40C determines the performance grade of the device. Duplication of these results requires a test system that is highly accurate with stable temperature control. Evaluation of the AD1582 will produce curves similar to those in TPC 3 and Figure 4, but output readings may vary depending upon the test methods and test equipment utilized.
2.510 2.509 2.508 2.507
VOUT - Volts
R3
R4
VIN
VOUT R5 VBG + VBE R2 - R1 + V1 -
R6
GND
Figure 2. Simplified Schematic
APPLYING THE AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
The AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 is a family of series references that can be utilized for many applications. To achieve optimum performance with these references, only two external components are required. Figure 3 shows the AD1582 configured for operation under all loading conditions. With a simple 4.7 F capacitor attached to the input and a 1 F capacitor applied to the output, the devices will achieve specified performance for all input voltage and output current requirements. For best transient response, add a 0.1 F capacitor in parallel with the 4.7 F. While a 1 F output capacitor will provide stable performance for all loading conditions, the AD1582 can operate under low (-100 A < I OUT < 100 A) current conditions with just a 0.2 F output capacitor. The 4.7 F capacitor on the input can be reduced to 1 F in this condition. Unlike conventional shunt reference designs, the AD1582/ AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family provides stable output voltages at constant operating current levels. When properly decoupled, as shown in Figure 3, these devices can be applied to any circuit and provide superior low power solutions.
2.506 2.505 2.504 2.503 2.502 2.501 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 TEMPERATURE - C 80 100 120
Figure 4. Output Voltage vs. Temperature
REV. B
-9-
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
VOLTAGE OUTPUT NONLINEARITY VS. TEMPERATURE
80 70 60
When using a voltage reference with data converters, it is important to understand the impact that temperature drift can have on the converter's performance. The nonlinearity of the reference output drift represents additional error that cannot easily be calibrated out of the overall system. To better understand the impact such a drift can have on a data converter, refer to Figure 5 where the measured drift characteristic is normalized to the end point average drift. The residual drift error of the AD1582 of approximately 200 ppm demonstrates that this family of references is compatible with systems that require 12-bit accurate temperature performance.
250
# OF PARTS
50 40 30 20 10 0 -700
-450
-200
50 ppm
300
550
200
Figure 6. Output Voltage Hysteresis Distribution
SUPPLY CURRENT VS. TEMPERATURE
150
VOUT - ppm
100
50
0
The quiescent current for the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family of references will vary slightly over temperature and input supply range. Figure 7 demonstrates the typical performance for the AD1582 reference when varying both temperature and supply voltage. As is evident from the graph, the AD1582 supply current increases only 1.0 A/V, making this device extremely attractive for use in applications where there may be wide variations in supply voltage and a need to minimize power dissipation.
-25 0 25 50 TEMPERATURE - C 75 100
100
-50 -50
Figure 5. Residual Drift Error
80
OUTPUT VOLTAGE HYSTERESIS
High performance industrial equipment manufacturers may require the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family to maintain a consistent output voltage error at 25C after the references are operated over the full temperature range. While all references exhibit a characteristic known as output voltage hysteresis, the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family is designed to minimize this characteristic. This phenomenon can be quantified by measuring the change in the 25C output voltage after temperature excursions from 85C to 25C, and -40C to +25C. Figure 12 displays the distribution of the AD1582 output voltage hysteresis.
60 IQ - A
TA = +85 C
TA = +25 C
40 TA = -40 C 20
0
3
4
5
6
7 8 VIN - Volts
9
10
11
Figure 7. Typical Supply Current over Temperature
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
One of the ideal features of AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 is its low supply voltage headroom. The part can operate at supply voltage as low as 200 mV above VOUT and up to 12 V. However, if negative voltage is inadvertently applied to VIN with respect to ground or any negative transient, >5 V is coupled to VIN, the device can be damaged.
-10-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
AC PERFORMANCE
100 90 80 70 1582
PSRR - dB
To successfully apply the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family of references, it is important to understand the effects of dynamic output impedance and power supply rejection. In Figure 8a, a voltage divider is formed by the AD1582's output impedance and the external source impedance. Figure 8b shows the effect of varying the load capacitor on the reference output. Power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) should be determined when characterizing the ac performance of a series voltage reference. Figure 9a shows a test circuit used to measure PSRR, and Figure 9b demonstrates the AD1582's ability to attenuate line voltage ripple.
VLOAD DC 10k 2X VOUT X1 100 A 2V 10k 1F 10k DUT 2k 5F 5V
60 50 1585 40 30 20 10 0 1.E+00 1.E+01 1.E+02 1.E+03 1.E+04 FREQUENCY - Hz 1.E+05 1.E+06
Figure 9b. Ripple Rejection vs. Frequency
NOISE PERFORMANCE AND REDUCTION
Figure 8a. Output Impedance Test Circuit
100
1 F CAP 10
OHM
1585 1582 1
The noise generated by the AD1582 is typically less then 70 V p-p over the 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz frequency band. Figure 10 shows the 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz noise of a typical AD1582. The noise measurement is made with a high gain bandpass filter. Noise in a 10 Hz to 10 kHz region is approximately 50 V rms. Figure 11 shows the broadband noise of a typical AD1582. If further noise reduction is desired, a 1-pole low-pass filter may be added between the output pin and ground. A time constant of 0.2 ms will have a -3 dB point at roughly 800 Hz, and will reduce the high frequency noise to about 16 V rms. It should be noted, however, that while additional filtering on the output may improve the noise performance of the AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family, the added output impedance could degrade the ac performance of the references.
10 V 1s
0.1 1E+01
1E+02
1E+03 1E+04 FREQUENCY - Hz
1E+05
1E+06
100 90
Figure 8b. Output Impedance vs. Frequency
10k 10V X1 200mV 10k 0.22 F DUT 5V 100mV VOUT 0.22 F
10 0%
Figure 10. 0.1-10 Hz Voltage Noise
Figure 9a. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit
100 V
100 90
10ms
10 0%
Figure 11. 10 Hz to 10 kHz Wideband Noise
REV. B
-11-
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
TURN-ON TIME DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Many low power instrument manufacturers are becoming increasingly concerned with the turn-on characteristics of the components being used in their systems. Fast turn-on components often enable the end user to save power by keeping power off when it is not needed. Turn-on settling time is defined as the time required, after the application of power (cold start), for the output voltage to reach its final value within a specified error. The two major factors affecting this are the active circuit settling time and the time required for the thermal gradients on the chip to stabilize. Figure 12a shows the turn-on settling and transient response test circuit. Figure 12b displays the turn-on characteristic of the AD1582. This characteristic is generated from cold-start operation and represents the true turn-on waveform after power up. Figure 12c shows the fine settling characteristics of the AD1582. Typically, the reference settles to within 0.1% of its final value in about 100 s. The device can momentarily draw excessive supply current when VSUPPLY is slightly below the minimum specified level. Power supply resistance must be low enough to ensure reliable turn-on. Fast power supply edges minimize this effect.
10k 0V OR 10V X1 0V TO 10V 10k 0.22 F DUT VOUT 0.22 F 5V OR 10V 0V OR 5V
Many A/D and D/A converters present transient current loads to the reference, and poor reference response can degrade the converter's performance. The AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585 family of references has been designed to provide superior static and dynamic line and load regulation. Since these series references are capable of both sourcing and sinking large current loads, they exhibit excellent settling characteristics. Figure 13 displays the line transient response for the AD1582. The circuit utilized to perform such a measurement is displayed in Figure 12a, where the input supply voltage is toggled from 5 V to 10 V and the input and output capacitors are each 0.22 F. Figures 14 and 15 show the load transient settling characteristics for the AD1582 when load current steps of 0 mA to 5 mA and 0 mA to -1 mA are applied. The input supply voltage remains constant at 5 V, the input decoupling and output load capacitors are 4.7 F and 1 F respectively, and the output current is toggled. For both positive and negative current loads, the reference responses settle very quickly and exhibit initial voltage spikes less than 10 mV.
5V
100 90
50 s
Figure 12a. Turn-On/Transient Response Test Circuit
10 0%
200mV
5V
100 90
50 s
20 s
Figure 13. Line Transient Response
5V
10 0%
20 s
100 90
1V
20 s
Figure 12b. Turn-On Characteristics
10 0%
5mV 5V
100 90
20 s
20 s
Figure 14. Load Transient Response (0 mA to 5 mA Load)
5V
10 0% 100 90
20 s
1mV
20 s
Figure 12c. Turn-On Settling
10 0%
5mV
20 s
Figure 15. Load Transient Response (0 mA to -1 mA Load)
-12-
REV. B
AD1582/AD1583/AD1584/AD1585
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
Surface-Mount Package SOT-23
C00701-2.5-1/01 (rev. B)
0.0059 (0.150) 0.0034 (0.086) 0.027 (0.686) REF
14.4 MAX 0.30 0.05 1.5 MIN 2.0 0.05 1.75 0.10 8.0 0.30 3.5 0.05 2.7 0.1 20.2 MIN 13.0 0.2 50 (7" REEL) MIN
OR
0.1200 (3.048) 0.1102 (2.799)
0.055 (1.397) 0.0470 (1.194) PIN 1 0.0236 (0.599) 0.0177 (0.450)
3 1 2
0.1040 (2.642) 0.0827 (2.101)
0.0413 (1.049) 0.0374 (0.950) 0.0807 (2.050) 0.0701 (1.781) 0.0440 (1.118) 0.0320 (0.813) 0.0210 (0.533) 0.0146 (0.371) 0.0100 (0.254) 0.0050 (0.127)
0.0040 (0.102) 0.0005 (0.013) SEATING PLANE
TAPE AND REEL DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in millimeters.
1.8
0.1
+0.05 1.5 -0.00
4.0
0.10
180 (7")
OR
330 (13")
100 (13" REEL) MIN
3.1
0.1 1.0 MIN
0.75 MIN + 1.5 8.4 - 0.0
DIRECTION OF UNREELING
REV. B
-13-
PRINTED IN U.S.A.

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